Ph.D., Political Science, University of Chicago, 2008. Doctoral Dissertation: "In Season, Out of Season: Explaining the Decline of Ecclesial Political Influences in Quebec." Advisor: Lisa Wedeen, Ph.D.

M.A., Political Science, University of Chicago, 1998.

B.A., Political Science with First Class Honours, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, 1984.