BI102 General Biology

Spring 2008

Dr. Brian K. Penney

Goulet 2320

603 641-7149

bpenney@anselm.edu

Brian K. Penney 's web page

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1. Kindom Plantae includes all terrestrial plants

   • Homologies include: apical meristems, walled spores produced in sporangia, male and female gametangia and multicellular, dependent embryos

   • Challenges to terrestrial life include getting resources from two widely different environments, support of the plant body, maintaining moisture, and reproduction without ambient water

   • Plants have responded to these challenges with structures such as leaves, reproductive changes, a cuticle, stomata, lignin, stems, vascular tissue and roots

   • Haploid and diploid generations alternate in plant life cycles, but one may be microscopic (KNOW Fig 17.4!)

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2. Plant diversity shows increasing adaptation to land through structures for transport and reproduction and life cycles

   • (MAKE A TABLE OF 4 CHACTERS TO ADAPT TO LAND (bottom, p347), AND FILL IN HOW THESE GROUPS DIFFER IN LECTURE)

   • Mosses (Bryophytes)

   • Ferns (Pterophytes)

   • Conifers (Gymnosperms)

   • Flowering plants (Angiosperms)

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3. Fungi are heterotrophic saprophytes, with bodies of hyphae wound together to form a mycelium that can grow quickly

   • Fungi are heterotrophic saprophytes, with bodies of hyphae wound together to form a mycelium that can grow quickly

   • Many fungi have three phases to their life cycles: haploid (typically the longest), heterokaryotic, and diploid

   • Important forms include molds, yeasts, sac fungi (Ascomycetes) and club fungi (Basidiomycetes)

   • Some fungi are parasitic or create medically important infections (mycosis) but others are important mutualists (mycorrhizae, lichens) or important economically

Copyright 2007-2008, Brian K. Penney

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