The main idea
Don't overthink this one: it is just a description of plant parts so we can get into how they work.
Describe the organs, tissues, and cells found in plants and describe their function
Describe the two major ways plant growth is accomplished and distinguish between mechanisms for increasing height verus girth
-
Plant growth is accomplished by both mitotic division of cells, and increase of cell size. -
Primary growth lengthens roots and shoots by division at the apical meristem, which is typically dominant over axillary buds -
Secondary growth increases the girth of woody and other plants. Lateral meristems divide to produce vascular and cork cambium; the latter eventually generates cork and bark. -
Sapwood contains active vascular elements, and eventually gets filled in with resin to become heartwood
Describe the parts of a flower and their functions
Fig. 31.9A on p.634
Describe the reproduction of plants from pollenation to seed sprouting
-
Pollen and embryo sacs represent the male and female gametophyte stages, respectively. Pollination is followed by a double fertilization to produce the zygote (2n) and endosperm (3n).This ensures development only happens in ovules containing a fertilized egg -
Fertilized ovules develop into seeds with an embryo surrounded by food reserves and a hard exterior capsule. -
Ovaries develop into fruit by a variety of methods: simple (growth of the ovary), aggregate (multiple carpels), and multiple (fusion of clustered flowers). -
Seeds germinate when they take up water, send down an embryonic root, and send up the embryonic shoot. -
Asexual reproduction produces plant clones; agriculture takes advantage of this process to propagate desirable varieties.
|
