BI338 Invertebrate Zoology, Fall 2011 Brian K. Penney, Ph.D. Goulet 2320, Ph 641-7149, email: bpenney (at) anselm.edu

Main Page Definitions Phyla Other Links Review Section Projects

Projects

I am building this page on information for your projects. Please bear with me until it is complete!

You can find example projects from previous years here.

1. Finding secondary sources
   • Secondary sources are review papers, books, etc.
   • Primary papers are new information and experimental reports, and will have an Introduction, Methods, Results, just like a lab report
   • For some good secondary sources, see our course page at the library at: (Thanks to Sam Urtz!)
   • if your initial search doesn't give you a good review article, go up a level in topic or taxonomy. Instead of "Portugese Man o War" try "Siphonophore"

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2. Citation format
   • in text:
     • Single author: (Author, Year), e.g. (Smith, 1999)
     • Two authors: (Author 1 & Author 2, Year), e.g. (Smith and Child, 1999)
     • Three or more authors: (Author 1 et al., Year), e.g. (Smith and Child, 1999)
       
       

   Literature Cited Section You need to list ALL authors of a work in this section, even if you used "et al." in the text!

   • Journal Article: Author, Year. Article Title. Journal Title Volume: Pages
     E.g. Penney, B. K. 2006. Morphology and biological roles of spicule networks in Cadlina luteomarginata (Nudibranchia, Doridina). Invertebrate Biology 125:222-232.
   • Book: Author, Year. Book Title. Publisher, City.
     E.g. Thompson, T. E. 1976. Biology of Opisthobranch Molluscs. The Ray Society, London.
   • Chapter in Edited Book: Author, Year. Chapter Title, Pages "IN" Editor Name ",Ed." Book Title. Publisher, City.
     E.g. Duffy, J. E., and M. E. Hay. 2001. The ecology and evolution of marine consumer–prey interactions. Pages 131-157 in M. D. Bertness, S. D. Gaines, and M. E. Hay, editors. Marine Community Ecology. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, MA.

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3. References
   • Strunk's 1918 Elements of Style. Not the full modernized edition with E.B. White's changes, but it the early version is good, on the web, and free.

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4. Other resources

   From various spots on the web. I agree with almost everything they say!

   • How to build a paper research database (Mandatory reading! This is how I want your organized notes to be submitted)
   • Never take books out of the library
   • Beyond wikipedia: ...references you can't do without
   • Focus on the story, not the writing
   • The most important paper research advice you've never heard
   • Double your reading rate

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5. Tips and tricks in word
   • How do I get my literature cited section to look right? Where each line goes to the left more than the following line?

   This is called a hanging indent, and can be done much more simply than going line by line and using the tab key. Instead: highlight all of your references; 1) go to Format menu/Paragraph. Under Indentation, Special, select "Hanging," or 2) hit Command(Mac) or Control(PC)+T. That's it! (Search Word Help for "Hanging Indent" for more information.

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